Curable resin and process for preparing the same

ABSTRACT

A curable resin comprising units of at least one prepolymer selected from the group consisting of a prepolymer (C) and a prepolymer (F); the prepolymer (C) having the formula (I): ##STR1## and the prepolymer (F) having the formula (III): ##STR2## The curable resin has the excellent flexibility, solvent resistance and adhesion to organic materials and the properties thereof can be controlled accordingly to desire, in addition to the excellent curability at ordinary temperature, adhesion to inorganic materials and weatherability.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 715,746 filed Jun. 18,1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,162,456 which is a continuation of Ser. No.270,318 filed Nov. 14, 1988, abandoned, which is a division ofapplication Ser. No. 905,107, filed Sep. 8, 1986, now U.S. Pat. No.4,801,658.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a curable resin, and more particularlyto a curable resin having a hydrolyzable silyl group at the molecularends or side chains, and having excellent flexibility, solventresistance and adhesion to organic materials, and a process forpreparing the curable resin.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 36395/1979 discloses that ahydrolyzable silyl group containing-vinyl resin has excellent curabilityat ordinary temperature, adhesion to inorganic materials such asconcrete, glass, a steel plate and aluminum, and weatherability.However, the silyl group containing-vinyl resin disclosed isunsatisfactory in flexibility, solvent resistance and adhesion toorganic materials. For overcoming the above-mentioned defects, it isconsidered to blend the vinyl resin with other resins. However, thevinyl resin with which other flexible resins are blended has the defectthat the dryability is poor though the flexibility can be improved.Also, when the silyl group-containing vinyl resin is blended with othersolvent resistant resins to improve the solvent resistance of the vinylresin, the compatibility with other resins of the obtained resin becomespoor.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrolyzable silylgroup-containing vinyl resin having the excellent flexibility, solventresistance and adhesion to organic materials in addition to theexcellent curability at ordinary temperature, adhesion to inorganicmaterials and weatherability.

The above and other objects of the present invention will becomeapparent from the description hereinafter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has now been found that vinyl resins prepared by polymerizing aparticular polymerizable prepolymer having a hydrolyzable silyl groupwith or without a vinyl monomer are curable at ordinary temperature inthe presence of moisture and provide cured products having excellentflexibility, solvent resistance and adhesion to organic materials aswell as excellent weatherability, adhesion to inorganic materials andother properties.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a curableresin having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 andcomprising units of at least one prepolymer selected from the groupconsisting of a prepolymer (C) having a number average molecular weightof 200 to 60,000 and a prepolymer (F) having a number average molecularweight of 250 to 60,000, said prepolymer (C) having the formula (I):##STR3## wherein R¹ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms; R² is a bivalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atomsselected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene or aralkylenegroups; R⁴ and R⁵ are the same or different and each is hydrogen atom oran alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; X is a hydrolyzable groupselected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group,an acyloxyl group, a ketoxymate group, amino group, an acid amide group,aminooxy group, mercapto group and an alkenyloxy group; Y is --S-- or##STR4## in which R³ is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms; Z is a residue of an oligomer (A) having a number averagemolecular weight of 100 to 50,000 and having at least two groupsselected from the group consisting of acryloyloxy group andmethacryloyloxy group; p and q are an integer of one or more satisfyingthe equation of 2≦p+q≦8; n is an integer of 1 to 3, and m is an integerof 1 to 10; and said prepolymer (F) having the formula (III): ##STR5##wherein R⁶ is an alkyl, aryl or an aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbonatoms or a group having the formula: (C₂ H₅ O)₃ --Si--(CH₂)₃ --; and X,Z, R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, p, q, m and n are as defined above.

The prepolymer (C) is prepared by blocking at least one of theacryloyloxy and/or methacryloyloxy groups of the oligomer (A) with asilane coupling agent (B) having amino group and/or mercapto group ofthe formula (II): ##STR6## wherein X, Y, R¹, R² n and m are as definedabove. The prepolymer (F) is prepared by blocking active hydrogen of theamino group in the prepolymer (C) with a monofunctional isocyanatecompound (E) of the formula (IV):

    R.sup.6 --NCO                                              (IV)

wherein R⁶ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbonatoms or a group of the formula: (C₂ H₅ O)₃ --Si--(CH₂)₃ --.

The curable resin of the present invention can be prepared byhomopolymerizing the prepolymer (C) and/or (F) or copolymerizing theprepolymer (C) and/or (F) with a vinyl monomer (D) in all proportions.The prepolymer is used in an amount of the least 0.1 part by weight,preferably at least 0.5 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight ofthe monomer (D).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The prepolymer (C) used in the invention can be prepared by reacting theoligomer (A) having in its molecule two or more acryloyl group and/ormethacryloyl group (hereinafter referred to as "(meth)acryloyl group")with the silane coupling agent (B) having active hydrogen.

Examples of the oligomer (A) are, for instance, (1) a polyfunctionalacrylate or methacrylate, (2) a polyester acrylate or methacrylate, (3)a polyurethane acrylate or methacrylate, (4) a silicone acrylate ormethacrylate, (5) an epoxy acrylate or methacrylate, (6) a polyetheracrylate or methacrylate, (7) a polyesterurethane acrylate ormethacrylate, and the like. Examples of the polyfunctional acrylate ormethacrylate (1) are, for instance, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate,trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and the like. The polyester acrylateor methacrylate (2) is prepared by condensing a polyfunctional alcoholsuch as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane,"F-99-199" (an alcohol modified-silicone oil) commercially availablefrom Nippon Unicar Kabushiki Kaisha or "F-99-258" (an alcoholmodified-silicone oil) with a polyfunctional dibasic acid such asphthalic acid or trimellitic acid (benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid) andan acrylic acid or a methacrylic acid and examples thereof are, forinstance, "Aronix M6100" commercially available from Toagosei ChemicalIndustry Co., Ltd., "Aronix M6200", "Aronix M 6400X", "Aronix M6420X","Aronix M-6800", "Aronix M-7100", "Aronix M-8030", "Aronix M-8100", andthe like. The polyurethane acrylate or methacrylate (3) is prepared byaddition reaction of a hydroxyl group-containing acrylate ormethacrylate such as 2-hydroxy acrylate or methacrylate with apolyfunctional isocyanate such as tolylene diisocyanate,diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylenediisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (1,5,5-trimethylcyclohexen-3-ondiisocyanate) or a compound having the formula: ##STR7## or with anisocyanate group-containing polyurethane obtained by polyaddition of apolyfunctional alcohol such as ethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane,polyesterpolyol, polyetherpolyol, FP-99-199 or FP-99-258 with apolyfunctional isocyanate such as tolylene diisocyanate,diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylenediisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (1,5,5-trimethylcyclohexen-3-ondiisocyanate) or a compound having the formula: ##STR8## and examplesthereof are, for instance, "Aronix M-1100", "Aronix M-1200", "Biscote813" commercially available from Osaka Yuki Kagaku Kogyo KabushikiKaisha, "Biscote 823", and the like). The silicone acrylate ormethacrylate (4) is prepared by condensing a silanol group-containingpolysiloxane such as "L-9000(100)" (a silanol modified-silicone oil)commercially available from Nippon Unicar Kabushiki Kaisha,"L-9000(1000)" (a silanol modified silicone oil), "L-9800(8000)" (asilanol modified silicone oil), "Y-7005" (a silanol modified siliconeoil) with a hydrolyzable silyl group-containing acrylate or methacrylatesuch as γ-acryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane or γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and examples thereof are, for instance, "XF-3492"available from Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. The epoxy acrylate ormethacrylate (5) is prepared by condensing an expoxy resin such as"Epicote 828" commercially available from Shell Kagaku Kabushiki Kaishawith an acrylic or methacrylic acid or a hydroxyl group containingacrylate or methacrylate, and examples thereof are, for instance,"Biscote 540" commercially available from Osaka yuki Kagaku KogyoKabushiki Kaisha. The polyether acrylate or methacrylate (6) is preparedby condensing a polyether such as polyethylene glycol or polypropyleneglycol with an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and examples thereofare, for instance, "14EG-A" (commercially available from KYOEISHA YUSHI.Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). The polyesterurethane acrylate ormethacrylate (7) is prepared by reacting hydroxyl group of apolycaprolactone acrylate or methacrylate prepared by carrying out thering opening polymerization of an ε-caprolactone in the presence of ahydroxyl group-containing acrylate or methacrylate such as2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or methacrylate with a catalyst such as organictitanate, tin chloride or perchloric acid, [examples of thepolycaprolactone acrylate or methacrylate being, for instance, "PlaccelFM-1"[polycaprolactone containing methacryloyl group at the side end andwhich has a number average molecular weight (hereinafter referred to as"Mn") of 244] commercially available from Daicel Chemical Industries,Ltd., "Placcel FM-4" (polycaprolactone containing methacryloyl group atthe side end and which has an Mn of 600), "Placcel FM-8"(polycaprolactone containing methacryloyl group at the side end andwhich has an Mn of 1000). "Placcel FA-1" (polycaprolactone containingacryloyl group at the side end and which has an Mn of 230), "PlaccelFA-4" (polycaprolactone containing acryloyl group at the side end, whichhas an Mn of 572)--644-- "Placcel FA-8" (polycaprolactone containingacryloyl group at the side end, which has an Mn of 1000)], with apolyfunctional isocyanate such as tolylene diisocyanate,diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylenediisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, a compound having the formula:##STR9## and, if necessary, a polycaprolactone polyol such as "Placcel205" (polycaprolactone containing hydroxyl groups at the both ends,which has an Mn of 500), "Placcel 208" (polycaprolactone containinghydroxyl groups at the both ends, which has an Mn of 830), "Placcel 308"(polycaprolactone containing hydroxyl groups at the both ends, which hasan Mn of 860), "Placcel 212" (polycaprolactone containing hydroxylgroups at the both ends, which has an Mn of 1250), "Placcel 212A"(polycaprolactone containing hydroxyl groups at the both end, which hasan Mn of 1250), "Placcel 220" (polycaprolactone containing hydroxylgroups at the both ends, which has an Mn of 2000), "Placcel 220Al"(polycaprolactone containing hydroxyl groups at the both ends, which hasan Mn of 2000), and the like], FP-99-199, FP-99-258, and the like usedas a chain elongating agent. The oligomer (A) including (meth)acrylategroups has an Mn of 100 to 50,000, preferably from 200 to 20,000.

The silane coupling agent (B) having active hydrogen used in theinvention has an amino group and/or mercapto group and is represented bythe formula (II): ##STR10## wherein X is a hydrolyzable group selectedfrom the group consisting of a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group, anacyloxyl group, a ketoxymate group, amino group, an acid amide group,aminooxy group, mercapto group and an alkenyloxy group; Y is --S-- or##STR11## in which R³ is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms; R¹ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms; R² is a bivalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atomsselected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene or aralkylenegroup; n is an integer of 1 to 3 and m is an integer of 1 to 10.Examples of the silane coupling agent (B) are, for instance, an aminogroup-containing silane coupling agent such asγ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane,

N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, H₂ NCH₂ CH₂ NHCH₂ CH₂NHCH₂ CH₂ CH₂ Si(OMe)₃, H₂ NCH₂ CH₂ NHCH₂ CH₂ NHCH₂ CH₂ CH₂ Si(OEt)₃,γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, andN-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane; a mercaptogroup-containing silane coupling agent such asγ-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane,γ-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, HSCH₂ CH₂ SCH₂ CH₂ CH₂ Si(OMe)₃and HSCH₂ CH₂ SCH₂ CH₂ CH₂ Si(OEt)₃.

In order to obtain the prepolymer (C) from the (meth)acryloylgroup-containing oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent (B) havingactive hydrogen, the oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent (B) aremixed and reacted at ordinary temperature to 200° C. in the substantialabsence of water.

When the amino group-containing silane coupling agent is used as thesilane coupling agent (B) having active hydrogen, it is preferable thatthe (meth)acryloyl group-containing oligomer (A) is added to the silanecoupling agent (B) from the point that the only primary amino group isselectively reacted. Also, in order to inhibit the radicalpolymerization reaction of (meth)acryloyl groups in the oligomer (A)during the reaction of the oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent(B), it is preferable to add a polymerization inhibitor such ashydroquinone, benzoquinone, phenothiazine or methyl hydroquinone to thereaction system before the reaction. Methyl hydroquinone is preferableas the polymerization inhibitor from the point of coloration.

The reaction of the oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent (B) canproceed in the absence of a catalyst, but there may be used a catalystcapable of promoting the addition reaction, e.g., a tertialy amine suchas dimethylbenzylamine or 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminoethyl)phenol, aquarternary ammonium salt such as benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide orbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, an alkali such as sodium methoxide,and the like.

In the reaction of the oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent (B),the silane coupling agent (B) and the oligomer (A) are used in an amountsuch that the proportion of an active hydrogen containing-group (--SH,--NH-- and --NH₂) in the silane coupling agent (B) is from 0.1 to 1mole, preferably from 0.25 to 0.99 mole per mole of (meth)acryloyl groupincluded in the oligomer (A). When the proportion is less than 0.1, thegelation easily occurs when the curable resin of the invention isprepared, and when the proportion is more than 1, it is disadvantageousfrom the point of the cost though there is no problem from the point ofproperties of the obtained curable resin of the invention.

When the (meth)acryloyl group-containing oligomer (A) has both acryloylgroup and methacryloyl group, it is possible that the acryloyl group inthe oligomer (A) is selectively reacted with the silane coupling agent(B) having active hydrogen to give the prepolymer (C).

A solvent may be employed or not in the reaction of the oligomer (A) andthe silane coupling agent (B). When the reaction easily proceeds byusing the solvent due to properties of components used in the reaction,the solvent can be employed. Examples of the solvents are, for instance,toluene, xylene, butyl acetate, and the like.

In the reaction of the oligomer (A) and the silane coupling agent (B),it is necessary to previously exclude water from the reaction system.When the aromatic solvent is employed, it is possible to previouslyexclude water from the reaction system by azeotropic distillation.

The thus obtained prepolymer (C) has an Mn of 200 to 60,000, preferablyfrom 400 to 30,000. The molecular weight per mole of the total amount of(meth)acryloyl groups and silyl group in the prepolymer (C) is 100 to10,000, preferably from 200 to 5,000. The prepolymer (C) has the formula(I): ##STR12## wherein Z is a residue of the (meth)acryloylgroup-containing oligomer (A), p and q are same or different and each isan integer of one or more provided that 2≦p+q≦8, R⁴ and R⁵ are same ordifferent and each is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms, and X, Y, R¹, R², m and n are as defined above.

The prepolymer (F) having the formula (III): ##STR13## wherein R⁶ is analkyl, an aryl or an aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or agroup having the formula: (C₂ H₅ O₃ --Si--CH₂₃ --, and R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵,X, Z, p, q, m and n are as defined above, is prepared by blocking all ora part of active hydrogens of the amino groups in the prepolymer (C)with a monofunctional isocyanate compound (E) having the formula (IV):

    R.sup.6 --NCO                                              (IV)

wherein R⁶ is as defined above. Examples of the isocyanate (E) are, forinstance, methyl isocyanate, ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, stearylisocyanate phenyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate,γ-isocyanatepropyltriethoxysilane, and the like.

The prepolymer (C) can be easily reacted with a necessary amount of theisocyanate (E) at ordinary temperature to 60° C. and all or a part ofthe prepolymers (C) are converted into the prepolymers (F).

The thus obtained prepolymer (F) has an Mn of 250 to 60,000, preferablyfrom 550 to 30,000. The molar weight per mole of the total amount of(meth)acryloyl groups and silyl group in the prepolymer (F) is from 150to 10,000, preferably from 250 to 5000.

The curable resin of the invention can be prepared by copolymerizing thethus obtained prepolymer (C) and/or prepolymer (F) with a vinyl monomer(D). The prepolymer (C) and the prepolymer (F), which have beenseparately prepared, can be copolymerized with the vinyl monomer (D) atthe same time, or a mixture of the prepolymers (C) and (F), which isobtained by blocking a part of the prepolymers (C) with themonofunctional isocyanate (E), can be copolymerized with the vinylmonomer (D). The prepolymer (C) and/or the prepolymer (F) are generallycopolymerized with the vinyl monomer in a random copolymerization, also,a block copolymerization or graft-copolymerization may be carried out,and further the crosslinking may occur partially.

The vinyl monomer (D) used in the present invention is not particularlylimited. Examples of the vinyl monomer (D) are, for instance, anunsaturated carboxylic ester such as methyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butylmethacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearylacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzyl methacrylate,cyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate,trifluoroethyl methacrylate, pentafluoropropyl acrylate,pentafluoropropyl methacrylate, a diester or halfester of apolycarboxylic acid (for instance, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconicacid, and the like) and a linear or branched alcohol having 1 to 20carbon atoms; an aromatic hydrocarbon vinyl compound such as styrene,α-methylstyren, chlorostyrene, styrenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxystyrene orvinyl toluene; a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate;an allyl compound such as diallylphthalate; a nitrile group-containingvinyl compound such as acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile; an epoxygroup-containing vinyl compound such as glycidyl acrylate or glycidylmethacrylate; an amino group-containing vinyl compound such asdimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate,diethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate,vinylpyridine, aminoethyl vinyl ether; an amide group-containing vinylcompound such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, itaconic diamide,α-ethylacrylamide, α-ethylmethacrylamide, crotonamide, maleic diamide,fumaric diamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, N-butoxymethyl acrylamide,N-butoxymethyl methacrylamide N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide or acryloyl morpholine; a hydroxyl group-containing vinylcompound such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate,2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethylvinyl ether, N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, or " Aronix5700", "Placcel FA-1", "FA-4", "FA-8", "FM-4", "FM-8" (polyesterscontaining (meth)acryloyl group at the side end); an unsaturatedcarboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid,fumaric acid or itaconic acid or a salt (for instance, alkali metalsalt, ammonium salt, amine salt, and the like) thereof; an unsaturatedcarboxylic acid anhydride such as maleic anhydride or a salt thereof; another vinyl compound such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl chloride,vinylidene chloride, chloroprene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene,maleimide, N-vinylimidazole or vinylsulfonic acid; a hydrolyzable silylgroup-containing vinyl compound having the formula: ##STR14## wherein R⁷is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms selectedfrom the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group and anaralkyl group, R⁸ is an organic residue having a polymerizable doublebond and X and n are as defined above; and the like. Examples of thehydrolyzable silyl group-containing vinyl compounds are, for instance,##STR15## and the like.

When the hydrolyzable silyl group-containing vinyl compounds are used asthe vinyl monomer (D), both the hydrolyzable silyl group in theprepolymers (C) and (F) and the hydrolyzable silyl group in thehydrolyzable silane compound can provide crosslinking points, andtherefore the use of the vinyl group-containing silane compound iseffective for controlling properties of the film.

The total amount of the prepolymer (C) and/or the prepolymer (F) is from0.1 part by weight, preferably 0.5 part by weight, based on 100 parts byweight of the monomer (D). When the amount of the prepolymer is lessthan 0.1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl monomer(D), the properties of the obtained curable resin cannot be improved.The prepolymers (C) and (F) may be employed alone or in admixturethereof.

The vinyl monomer (D) is copolymerized with the prepolymer (C) and/orthe prepolymer (F), for instance, in the same manner as described inJapanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 36395/1979 and the like.Also, a method in which a radical polymerization initiator such as AIBN(azobisisobutyronitrile) is employed, a method in which heat or rays oflight or radiation is employed, a bulk polymerization method, a solutionpolymerization method, and the like are applicable to thecopolymerization of the vinyl monomer (D) and the prepolymer (C) and/orthe prepolymer (F). Among them, the solution polymerization in which anazo initiator is employed is the most preferable.

In order to stabilize the curable resin of the invention, hydrolyzableesters such as methyl orthoformate, ethyl orthoformate, methylorthoacetate and ethyl orthoacetate, and hydrolyzable silicon compoundssuch as ethyl silicate, methyl silicate or methyl trimethoxysilane canbe used. These dehydrating agents may be added not only during thecopolymerization but also after completing the copolymerization. Theamount of the dehydrating agent is from 0 to 20 parts by weight,preferably from 0 to 10 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of thecurable resin as a solid of the invention.

The obtained curable resin of the invention has an Mn of 1,000 to100,000, preferably from 2,000 to 50,000.

When the curable resin of the invention is exposed to the atmosphere,fine network structure is gradually formed by atmospheric moisture tocure. The curing catalyst may be employed or not upon curing the curableresin of the invention. Examples of the curing catalyst are, forinstance, an alkyl titanate; an acid compound such as phosphoric acid,p-toluenesulfonic acid or an acid phosphoric ester e.g. butylphosphateor dibutyl phosphate; an amine such as ethylene diamine ortetraethylenepentamine; an an organo-tin compound such as dibutyltindilaurate or dibutyltin maleate; a basic compound such as sodiumhydroxide or sodium methylate; and the like. The amount of the curingcatalyst is from 0.005 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 8 partsby weight, to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin.

Usual additions such as fillers and pigments can be added to the curableresin of the invention. Also, a cellulosic resin such as nitrocelluloseor cellulose acetate butyrate or a synthetic resin such as a polyvinylchloride, a polyolefin or a polyester can be blended with the curableresin of the invention.

In addition to the properties of the silyl group-containing vinyl resinincluding no prepolymers (C) and (F), such as excellent curability atordinary temperature, adhesion to inorganic materials andweatherability, the curable resin of the invention has the excellentflexibility, solvent resistance and adhesion to organic materials andthe properties thereof can be controlled according to desires. Thecurable resin of the invention is useful as use for paints, coatingagents, adhesives, sealants, potting agents, primers, and the like.

The present invention is more specifically described and explained bymeans of the following Examples in which all percents and parts are byweight unless otherwise noted. It is to be understood that the presentinvention is not limited to the Examples, and various changes andmodifications may be made in the invention without departing from thespirit and scope thereof.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tubeand a condenser was charged with 110.7 g of Placcel FM-4(polycaprolactone containing methacryloyl group at the side end, Mn:600), 127.3 g of Placcel FA-1 (polycaprolactone containing acryloylgroup at the side end, Mn: 230), 62 g of hexamethylene diisocyanate(hereinafter referred to as "HMDI") and 200 g of xylene and the mixturewas reacted with stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas togive 500 g of a polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups atboth ends (solid concentration: 60%).

In the infrared absorption spectrum (hereinafter referred to as "IR") ofthe obtained resin, the absorption based on NCO (2270 cm⁻¹) disappearedcompletely and the absorption based on (meth)acryloyl group (from 1630to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlettube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 86.9 g ofγ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 57.8 g of xylene, to which 355.3 g ofthe obtained polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups at theboth ends (solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at20° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at60° C. for 1 hour to give a prepolymer (I) (solid concentration: 60%.

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (I), the absorption based onacryloyl group (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption basedon methacryloyl group (1640 cm⁻¹) was seen. The Mn measured by gelpermeation chromatography (hereinafter referred to as "GPC") was 1100.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 2

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tubeand a condenser was charged with 256.0 g of Placcel FA-4(polycaprolactone containing acryloyl group at the side end, Mn: 644),44.0 g of isophorone diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as "IPDI")and 200 g of xylene and the mixture was reacted with stirring at 110° C.for 2 hours under nitrogen gas to give 500 g of a polycaprolactonecontaining acryloyl groups at both ends (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained resin, the absorption based on NCO (2260 cm⁻¹)disappeared completely and the absorption based on acryloyl group (1630cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermomether, a nitrogeninlet tube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 54.0 g ofγ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 37.0 g of xylene, to which 410.0 g ofthe obtained polycaprolactone containing acryloyl groups at the bothends (solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at 20°C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 60°C. for 1 hour to give a prepolymer (II) (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (II), the the absorption based onacryloyl group (1630 cm⁻¹) was seen. The Mn measured by GPC was 1800.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 3

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tubeand a condenser was charged with 71.4 g of Placcel 205 (polycaprolactonecontaining hydroxyl groups at the both ends, Mn: 500), 47.9 g of HMDIand 200 g of xylene and the mixture was reacted with stirring at 80° C.for 1 hour under nitrogen gas. To the reaction mixture was added 137.9 gof Placcel FA-4 (Mn of 644) and 42.8 g of Placcel FM-4(Mn of 600), whichwas reacted at 80° C. for 2 hours to give 500 g of a polycaprolactonecontaining (meth)acryloyl groups at both ends (solid concentration:60%).

In the IR of the obtained resin, the absorption based on NCO (2270 cm⁻¹)disappeared completely and the absorption based on (meth)acryloyl group(from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlettube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 40.1 g ofγ-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, 27.1 g of xylene and 0.5 g ofbenzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, to which 432.2 g of the obtainedpolycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups at the both ends(solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at 20° C.for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 80° C.for 2 hours to give a prepolymer (III) (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (III), the absorption based onacryloyl group (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption basedon methacryloyl group (1640 cm⁻¹) was seen. The Mn measured by GPC was2500.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 4

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube,a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 63.8 g of IPDI and0.3 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (hereinafter referred to as "DTL"), towhich 66.0 g of Placcel FM-1 (Mn of 244) was continuously added withstirring at 20° C. for 1 hour under nitrogen gas, and the reaction wascontinued at 60° C. for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added170.9 g of Placcel FA-4 (Mn of 572), which was reacted at 90° C. for 2hours and then 199.7 g of xylene was added to the reaction mixture togive 500 g of a polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups atboth ends (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained resin, the absorption based on NCO (2260 cm⁻¹)disappeared completely and the absorption based on (meth)acryloyl group(from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlettube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 54.1 g ofγ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 36.1 g of xylene, to which 409.8 g ofthe obtained polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups at theboth ends (solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at20° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at60° C. for 1 hour to give a prepolymer (IV) (solid concentration: 60%.

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (IV), the absorption based onacryloyl group (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption basedon methacryloyl group (1640 cm⁻¹) was seen. The Mn measured by GPC was1000.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 5

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tubeand a condenser was charged with 462.7 g of the prepolymer (IV) (solidconcentration: 60%) obtained in Reference Example 4, to which 22.4 g ofbutyl isocyanate was added dropwise with stirring at 20° C. for 1 hourunder nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 60° C. for 1 hour.To the reaction mixture was added 14.9 g of xylene to give 500 g of aprepolymer (V) (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (V), the absorption based on ureabond (1630 cm⁻¹) was seen. The Mn measured by GPC was 1200.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 6

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube,a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 142.7 g of IPDI and0.1 g of DTL, to which 75.2 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 0.4 gof methyl hydroquinone were added dropwise with stirring at 20° C. for 2hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 20° C. for 2hours and at 60° C. for 30 minutes.

There were added 82.1 g of 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate and 0.4 g of methylhydroquinone to the reaction mixture and the reaction was carried out at90° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture, 199.1 g of xylene was addedto give 500 g of a polyurethane containing (meth)acryloyl groups at bothends (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer, the absorption based on NCO (2260cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption based on (meth)acryloyl group (from1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlettube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 43.7 g ofγ-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane 40 g of γ-aminopropyltreimethoxysilane and 73.8 g of xylene, to which 315.5 g of the obtainedpolyurethane containing (meth)acryloyl groups at the both ends (solidconcentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at 20° C. for 2hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 60° C. for 1hour to give a prepolymer.

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer, the absorption based on acryloylgroup (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption based onmethacryloyl group (1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

There was 27.0 g of benzyl isocyanate was added dropwise to the obtainedprepolymer at 20° C. for 1 hour to give a prepolymer (VI) (solidconcentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (VI), the absorption based on ureabond (1630 cm⁻¹) was seen, and the Mn measured by gel permeationchromatography (hereinafter referred to as "GPC") was 800.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 7

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube,a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 95.9 g of IPDI and0.1 g of DTL, to which 94.8 g of Placcel FM-1 (Mn of 244) wascontinuously added dropwise with stirring at 20° C. for 1 hour undernitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at 20° C. for 2 hours andat 60° C. for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added 109.3 g ofPlaccel FA-1 (Mn of 230) which was reacted at 90° C. for 2 hours andthen 199.9 g of xylene was added to the reaction mixture to give 500 gof a polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups at both ends(solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained resin, the absorption based on NCO (2260 cm⁻¹)disappeared and the absorption based on (meth)acryloyl group (from 1630to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermomether, a nitrogeninlet tube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 63.5 g ofγ-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and 50.7 g of xylene, to which 373.1 g ofthe obtained polycaprolactone containing (meth)acryloyl groups at theboth ends (solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at20° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at60° C. for 1 hour to give a prepolymer.

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer, the absorption based on acryloylgroup (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption based onmethacryloyl group (1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

There was 12.6 g of ethyl isocyanate was added dropwise at 20° C. for 1hour to give a prepolymer (VII) (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (VII), the absorption based on ureabond (1630 cm⁻¹) was seen and the Mn measured by GPC was 1000.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 8

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube,a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 75.9 g of F-99-199and 62.4 g of IPDI and the mixture was reacted with stirring at 120° C.for 2 hours under nitrogen gas. To the reaction mixture, 120.5 g ofPlaccel FA-4 (Mn of 572), 41.2 g of Placcel FM-4 (Mn of 60 and 200 g ofxylene were added and the mixture was reacted at 100° C. for 2 hours togive 500 g of a silicone polyester containing (meth)acryloyl groups atboth ends (solid concentration: 60%).

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer, the absorption based on NCO (2270cm⁻¹) disappeared completely and the absorption based on (meth)acryloylgroup (from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was seen.

Then, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermomether, a nitrogeninlet tube, a dropping funnel and a condenser was charged with 37.5 g ofγ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 39.2 g of xylene, to which 401.9 g ofthe obtained silicone polyester containing (meth)acryloyl groups at theboth ends (solid concentration: 60%) was added dropwise with stirring at20° C. for 2 hours under nitrogen gas, and the reaction was continued at60° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 20° C. and 21.4 gof benzyl isocyanate was added dropwise at 20° C. for 1 hour to give aprepolymer (VIII) (solid concentration: 60%.

In the IR of the obtained prepolymer (VIII), the absorption based onacryloyl group (1410 and 980 cm⁻¹) disappeared and the absorption basedon methacryloyl was seen. The Mn measured by GPC was 2500.

EXAMPLE 1

A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube,a dropping funnel and a codenser was charged with 540 g of xylene and 20g of methyl orthoacetate and the mixture was heated to 110° C. Asolution of 333 g of the prepolymer (I) (solid concentration: 60%)obtained in Reference Example 1, 200 g of styrene, 430 g of methylmethacrylate, 50 g of stearyl methacrylate, 100 g ofγ-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 20 g of acrylamide and 36 g ofazobisisobutyronitrile was added dropwise to the reactor at 110° C. for3 hours, to which 4 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and thereaction was continued at 120° C. for 2 hours to give 1730 g of adesired curable resin.

In the IR of the obtained curable resin, the absorption based on(meth)acryloyl group (from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was not seen. The Mnmeasured by GPC was 6000.

EXAMPLE 2

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (II)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin.

In the IR of the obtained curable resin, the absorption based on(meth)acryloyl group (from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was not seen. The Mnmeasured by GPC was 7500.

EXAMPLE 3

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (III)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin.

In the IR of the obtained curable resin, the absorption based on(meth)acryloyl group (from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was not seen. The Mnmeasured by GPC was 8000.

EXAMPLE 4

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (IV)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin.

In the IR of the obtained curable resin, the absorption based on(meth)acryloyl group (from 1630 to 1640 cm⁻¹) was not seen. The Mnmeasured by GPC was 6000.

EXAMPLE 5

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (V)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin.

In the obtained resin, the Mn measured by GPC was 6000.

EXAMPLE 6

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that 166.5 g of theprepolymer (IV) and 166.5 g of the prepolymer (V) was employed insteadof the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin. In the obtained resin,the Mn measured by GPC was 6500.

EXAMPLE 7

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (VI)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin. Inthe obtained resin, the Mn measured by GPC was 6000.

EXAMPLE 8

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer (VII)was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curable resin. Inthe obtained resin, the Mn measured by GPC was 6000.

EXAMPLE 9

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer(VIII) was employed instead of the prepolymer (I) to give a curableresin. In the obtained resin, the Mn measured by GPC was 7500.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the prepolymer wasnot employed to give a silyl group-containing vinyl resin. The Mnmeasured by GPC was 7000.

TEST EXAMPLE 1

Test pieces were prepared as follows:

Dibutyltin maleate was added to each of the curable resin solutionsobtained in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 in an amount of 2parts based on 100 parts of the resin, which was coated on a mild steelplate polished with No. 240 water-proof abrasive paper. The coated steelplate was dried at 60° C. for 30 minutes. The obtained film on the platehad a thickness of about 100μ.

(1) Pencil hardness

After the test piece was allowed to stand at 23° C. for 1 day, 3 days or7 days, the pencil hardness of the film was measured by a pencilhardness tester made by Toyo Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha in a load of 1 kg.The hardest hardness of the pencils which do not damage the film areshown in Table 1.

(2) Xylene-Rubbing

After the test piece was allowed to stand at 23° C. for 7 days, thepiece was rubbed ten times with an absorbent cotton impregnated withxylene. The surface state of the film was observed whether the surfaceof the film is damaged or not.

(3) Du pont-impact test

After the test piece was allowed to stand at 23° C. for 7 days, the Dupont-impact was measured with a core having a diameter of 1/2 inche. Thehighest weight and height causing no crack on the film are shown inTable 1.

(4) Adhesion after humidity test

After a melamine alkyd resin was coated on a mild steel plate, the platewas baked at 130° C. for 30 minutes. The surface of the steel melaminealkyd was sanded with a No. 400 water-proof abrasive paper anddegreased, and then each of the curable resin solutions obtained inExamples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 was coated and dried in thesame manner as mentioned above to give a test piece having a filmthickness of about 100μ. After the test piece was allowed to stand atordinary temperature for 3 days and in a blister box (temperature: 50°C. RH 98%) for 3 days, the adhesive test was carried out. The test piecewas cut to from 50 squares each having a size of 2×2 mm and theprocedure of adhesion-peeling off of cellophane adhesive tape wasconducted. The number of remaining squares were counted. For example,when there is not peeled square, the mark is 10, and when there is noadhered aquare, the mark is 0.

                                      TABLE 1                                     __________________________________________________________________________    Pencil hardness                    Adhesion after                             Ex. No.                                                                            1 day                                                                             3 days                                                                            7 days                                                                            Xylene Rubbing                                                                        Du Pont impact test                                                                     humidity test                              __________________________________________________________________________    Ex. 1                                                                              B   HB  H   ◯*.sup.2                                                                  300 g × 50 cm                                                                     10                                         Ex. 2                                                                              B   HB  H   ◯                                                                         500 g × 40 cm                                                                     10                                         Ex. 3                                                                              2B  B   F   ◯                                                                         1 kg × 30 cm                                                                       7                                         Ex. 4                                                                              B   HB  H   ◯                                                                         500 g × 50 cm                                                                     10                                         Ex. 5                                                                              B   HB  H   ⊚*.sup.1                                                               500 g × 50 cm                                                                      7                                         Ex. 6                                                                              B   HB  H   ⊚                                                                      500 g × 50 cm                                                                      8                                         Ex. 7                                                                              B   HB  2H  ⊚                                                                      500 g × 30 cm                                                                     10                                         Ex. 8                                                                              B   HB  2H  ⊚                                                                      500 g × 50 cm                                                                     10                                         Ex. 9                                                                              2B  B   F   ◯                                                                         1 kg × 50 cm                                                                       7                                         Com. B   HB  H   Δ*.sup.3                                                                        300 g × 20 cm                                                                      1                                         Ex. 1                                                                         __________________________________________________________________________     Estimation                                                                    *.sup.1 ⊚: nodamage                                            *.sup.2 ◯: slightly etched                                        *.sup.3 Δ: gradated                                                

What we claim is:
 1. A curable resin having a number average molecularweight of 1,000 to 100,000 and comprising units of a prepolymer (C)having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 60,000 and aprepolymer (F) having a number average molecular weight of 250 to60,000, said prepolymer (C) having the formula (I): ##STR16## wherein R¹is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R² is abivalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the groupconsisting of alkylene groups, arylene groups and aralkylene groups; R⁴and R⁵ are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or an alkylgroup having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; X is a hydrolyzable group selectedfrom the group consisting of a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group, anacyloxyl group, a ketoxymate group, an amino group, an acid amide group,an aminooxy group, a mercapto group and an alkenyloxy group; Y is --S--or ##STR17## in which R³ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1to 10 carbon atoms; Z is a residue of an oligomer (A) having a numberaverage molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 and having at least two groupsselected from the group consisting of acryloyloxy groups andmethacryloyloxy groups; p and q are an integer of one or more satisfyingthe equation of 2≦p+q≦8; n is an integer of 1 to 3, and m is an integerof 1 to 10; and said prepolymer (F) having the formula (III): ##STR18##wherein R⁶ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbonatoms or a group having the formula: (C₂ H₅ O)₃ --Si--(CH₂)₃ --; and X,Z, R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, p, q, m and n are as defined above.
 2. The curableresin of claim 1, wherein said prepolymer (C) is prepared by reacting atleast one group selected from the group consisting of acryloyl group andmethacryloyl group of said oligomer (A) with a silane coupling agent (B)in the substantial absence of water.
 3. The curable resin of claim 1,wherein said prepolymer (F) is prepared from a prepolymer (C) preparedby reacting at least one group selected from the group consisting ofacryloyl group and methacryloyl group of said oligomer (A) with a silanecoupling agent (B) in the substantial absence of water.
 4. The curableresin of claim 1, wherein said prepolymer (C) is prepared by selectivelyreacting acryloyl group of said oligomer (A) having both acryloyl groupand methacryloyl group with a silane coupling agent (B) in thesubstantial absence of water.
 5. The curable resin of claim 1, whereinsaid prepolymer (F) is prepared from said prepolymer (C) prepared byselectively reacting acryloyl group of said oligomer (A) having bothacryloyl group and methacryloyl group with a silane coupling agent (B)in the substantial absence of water.
 6. The curable resin of claim 1,wherein the main chain of said oligomer (A) is mainly a polyether. 7.The curable resin of claim 1, wherein the main chain of said oligomer(A) is mainly a polyester.
 8. The curable resin of claim 1, wherein themain chain of said oligomer (A) is mainly a polyurethane.
 9. A curableresin having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 andcomprising units of a prepolymer (C) having a number average molecularweight of 200 to 60,000, a prepolymer (F) having a number averagemolecular weight of 250 to 60,000 and a vinyl monomer (D) having amolecular weight of 53 or greater, said prepolymer (C) having theformula (I): ##STR19## wherein R¹ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl grouphaving 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R² is a bivalent group having 1 to 10carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups,arylene groups and aralkylene groups; R⁴ and R⁵ are the same ordifferent and each is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10carbon atoms; X is a hydrolyzable group selected from the groupconsisting of a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group, an acyloxyl group, aketoxymate group, an amino group, an acid amide group, an aminooxygroup, a mercapto group and an alkenyloxy group; Y is --S-- or ##STR20##in which R³ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbonatoms; Z is a residue of an oligomer (A) having a number averagemolecular weight of 100 to 50,000 and having at least two groupsselected from the group consisting of acryloyloxy groups andmethacryloyloxy groups; p and q are an integer of one or more satisfyingthe equation of 2≦p+q≦8; n is an integer of 1 to 3, and m is an integerof 1 to 10; and said prepolymer (F) having the formula (III): ##STR21##wherein R⁶ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbonatoms or a group having the formula: (C₂ H₅ O)₃ --Si--(CH₂)₃ --; and X,Z, R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, p, q, m and n are as defined above.
 10. The curableresin of claim 9, wherein the amount of said prepolymers (F) and (C) isat least 0.1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of said vinylmonomer (D).
 11. The curable resin of claim 9, wherein said prepolymer(C) is prepared by reacting at least one group selected from the groupconsisting of acryloyl group and methacryloyl group of said oligomer (A)with a silane coupling agent (B) in the substantial absence of water.12. The prepolymer of claim 9, wherein said prepolymer (F) is preparedfrom said prepolymer (C) prepared by reacting at least one groupselected from the group consisting of acryloyl group and methacryloylgroup of said oligomer (A) with a silane coupling agent (B) in thesubstantial absence of water.
 13. The curable resin of claim 9, whereinsaid prepolymer (C) is prepared by selectively reacting acryloyl groupof said oligomer (A) having both acryloyl group and methacryloyl groupwith a silane coupling agent (B) in the substantial absence of water.14. The curable resin of claim 9, wherein said prepolymer (F) isprepared from said prepolymer (C) prepared by selectively reactingacryloyl group of said oligomer (A) having both acryloyl group andmethacryloyl group with a silane coupling agent (B) in the substantialabsence of water.
 15. The curable resin of claim 9, wherein the mainchain of said oligomer (A) is mainly a polyether.
 16. The curable resinof claim 9, wherein the main chain of said oligomer (A) is mainly apolyester.
 17. The curable resin of claim 9, wherein the main chain ofsaid oligomer (A) is mainly a polyurethane.
 18. A process for preparinga curable resin having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to100,000 which comprises copolymerizing a prepolymer (C) having a numberaverage molecular weight of 200 to 60,000 and a prepolymer (F) having anumber average molecular weight of 250 to 60,000, with a vinyl monomer(D) having a molecular weight of 53 or greater in a weight ratio of saidvinyl monomer (D) to said prepolymers (C) and (F) of 100:01 to 10,000;said prepolymer (C) having the formula (I): ##STR22## wherein R¹ is analkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R² is abivalent group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the groupconsisting of alkylene groups, arylene groups and aralkylene groups; R⁴and R⁵ are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or an alkylgroup having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; X is a hydrolyzable group selectedfrom the group consisting of a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group, anacyloxyl group, a ketoxymate group, an amino group, an acid amide group,an aminooxy group, a mercapto group and an alkenyloxy group; Y is --S--or ##STR23## in which R³ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1to 10 carbon atoms; Z is a residue of an oligomer (A) having a numberaverage molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 and having at least two groupsselected from the group consisting of acryloyloxy groups andmethacryloyloxy groups; p and q are an integer of one or more satisfyingthe equation of 2≦p+q≦8; n is an integer of 1 to 3, and m is an integerof 1 to 10; and said prepolymer (F) having the formula(III): ##STR24##wherein R⁶ is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 30 carbonatoms or a group having the formula: (C₂ H₅ O)₃ --Si--(CH₂)₃ --; and X,Z, R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, p, q, m and n are as defined above.